Estonia
Estonia in Europe
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Description of Estonia
The Concise Publication of the European Union describes estonia in the following terms: [1] Sandwiched between Russia and the Baltic Sea, Estonia has historically been dominated by its eastern neighbour (see more in this European publication). The USSR seized the country in 1940 under the infamous Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, lost it to the Nazis in 1941, recaptured it in 1944 and held it as a subject state until November 1989, when the Estonian Supreme Soviet declared the annexation illegal. Multi-party elections were held in March 1990. The constitution of 1992 followed, securing freedom for the press and committing the state to privatisation and market liberalisation.
The radical right-wing party elected in 1992 governed for two years, abolishing tariffs and subsidies, pegging the currency to the D-Mark, selling off state industry and laying the foundations for perhaps the most successful of all the former communist economies. Subsequent coalition governments have endorsed free market policies, enabling the country to benefit from an influx of foreign investment and a switch of trading partners: by 1999 three-quarters of its trade was with Western Europe. Estonia applied for membership of the EUin 1995, obtaining a favourable recommendation from the Commission, and although the country is not without its problems (corruption, low wages and the presence of a large minority of ethnic Russians), it is likely to be among the first candidates to be accepted.
Resources
Notas y References
Based on the book "A Concise Publication of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney Leach (Profile Books; London)
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